Investigating the Effect of Individual Rotations on the Physical and Physiological Performance in Elite Female Field Hockey Players

To quantify the rotational demands of elite female field hockey with respect to position. Twenty-eight (n = 28) international players were recruited during 2018–2020 seasons. Players monitored GPS technology and heart-rate monitors. Methods: Activity was categorised into total distance (m), relative (m·min−1), high-speed (m; 16 km∙h−1), max velocity (km·h−1), percentage maximal (%Vmax). Physiological assessed via heart rate measures (bpm % HRmax) time > 80% maximum. Results: A single rotation equated 7 ± 0.8 min. covered a mean 868 132 m (125.7 5.9 m·min−1) 140 39 at (21.7 3.6 m·min−1). significant difference reported for (p ≤ 0.001), across positional. Forwards cover most (d 1.0) when compared defenders midfielders. Conclusion: The study provides normative data hockey. Coaches should consider these developing training drills better optimise positional physical physiological competitive match-play.